Information IntegrityAdvanced
Investigating Disinformation Campaigns
A methodology for investigating coordinated influence operations without amplifying them.
1 min read#disinformation#social-media
Elections · Technology · OSINT
Understand Elections Through Technology
Explore practical guides, investigative methodologies, datasets, organizations, and curated tools for studying technology, information integrity, election observation, AI, and OSINT.
Featured categories
Featured Guides
Practical, evergreen explainers and methodologies.
Featured guides
Digital CampaignsIntermediate
Investigating Political Advertising
How to research political ads using public ad libraries — who paid, who was targeted, and how much was spent.
1 min read#political-advertising#transparency
VerificationIntermediate
How to Verify Political Videos
Methods for verifying videos, including deepfakes and miscaptioned footage, in an election context.
1 min read#verification#video
VerificationBeginner
How to Verify Political Images
A step-by-step method for verifying photographs shared in an election context.
1 min read#verification#image
VerificationBeginner
Digital Verification Fundamentals
The core process for verifying online images, videos, and claims — provenance, source, date, and location.
1 min read#verification#image
Election TechnologyBeginner
Understanding Election Technology
A beginner's guide to the systems used in modern elections and how their integrity is verified.
1 min read#election#transparency
Featured Tools
A curated selection for verification and investigation.
Featured tools
Web Archives
Wayback Machine
The Internet Archive's web archive for capturing and retrieving snapshots of web pages over time.
#archive#verification
Image Verification
TinEye
A reverse image search engine that finds where an image appears online and how it has been used.
#reverse-image-search#verification
Political Advertising
Meta Ad Library
A public, searchable archive of ads across Meta platforms, including political and social-issue advertising.
#political-advertising#transparency
Mapping & Geospatial
Google Earth
A geospatial tool with satellite imagery, historical imagery, and 3D terrain used for geolocation.
#maps#satellite
Political Advertising
Google Ads Transparency Center
A searchable hub for ads shown across Google platforms, including verified political advertisers.
#political-advertising#transparency
Network Analysis
Gephi
An open-source platform for visualizing and analyzing networks and graphs.
#network-analysis#open-source
Learning Path
A suggested journey from fundamentals to advanced investigations.
Learning path
- 1Introduction to Election Technology
- 2Election Integrity
- 3Information Disorder
- 4OSINT Methodologies
- 5Digital Verification
- 6Advanced Investigations
Latest Resources
Reports, books, frameworks, and playbooks.
Latest resources
Verification
Verification Handbook
A widely used practical guide to verifying digital content and sourcing during breaking events.
#verification#osint
Information Integrity
Information Disorder: Toward an Interdisciplinary Framework
A foundational report defining misinformation, disinformation, and malinformation.
#disinformation#information-integrity
Election Observation
Election Observation Handbook
A standard methodological handbook for observing elections systematically and impartially.
#election#transparency
Organizations
Trusted references working on elections and integrity.
Featured organizations
International Organizations
OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR)
The OSCE body responsible for election observation and democratic institution-building across its region.
#election#transparency
International Organizations
National Democratic Institute (NDI)
A nonprofit supporting democratic institutions worldwide, including election monitoring and technology.
#election#transparency
Research Centers
Digital Forensic Research Lab (DFRLab)
A research lab studying disinformation and digital influence operations using open-source methods.
#disinformation#osint
Case Studies
Methodology-focused analyses of real-world events.
Case studies
Information IntegrityAdvanced
Case Study: Mapping a Coordinated Network
An illustrative case study on using network analysis to surface coordinated inauthentic behavior.
1 min read#disinformation#social-media
VerificationBeginner
Case Study: Verifying a Viral Election-Day Photo
An illustrative walkthrough of how verification methods apply to a viral, miscaptioned photograph.
1 min read#verification#image
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